1. Hardness
The high surface hardness brought by aluminum tool coating is one of the better ways to improve tool life. Generally speaking, the higher the hardness of the material or surface, the longer the tool life. The blade coating for nitrogen carbide titanium aluminum has higher hardness than the titanium nitride coating. Due to the increase in carbon content, the hardness of the coating has been increased by 33%, with a hardness variation range of approximately Hv3000 to 4000 (depending on the manufacturer). The application of CVD diamond coatings with a surface hardness of up to Hv9000 on cutting tools has become more mature. Compared with coated tools, the lifespan of CVD diamond coated tools has increased by 10-20 times. The high hardness and cutting speed of diamond coatings can increase by 2-3 times compared to uncoated tools, making them a good choice for cutting non ferrous materials.
2. Wear resistance
Wear resistance refers to the ability of a coating to resist wear. Although some workpiece materials may not have high hardness themselves, the added elements and processes used in the production process may cause the cutting edge of the tool to crack or become dull.
3. Surface lubricity
High friction coefficient will increase cutting heat, leading to shortened or even failed coating life. Reducing the friction coefficient can greatly extend the tool life. A fine and smooth or regularly textured aluminum knife coating surface helps to reduce cutting heat, as a smooth surface allows chips to quickly slide away from the front blade surface, reducing the generation of heat. Compared with uncoated tools, coated tools with better surface lubricity can also process at higher cutting speeds, further avoiding high-temperature fusion welding with workpiece materials.
4. Oxidation temperature
The oxidation temperature refers to the temperature value at which the coating begins to decompose. The higher the oxidation temperature value, the more favorable it is for cutting under high temperature conditions. Although the room temperature hardness of the coating may be lower than that of the coating, it has been proven to be much more effective in high-temperature processing. The reason why the coating can still maintain its hardness at high temperatures is that it can form a layer of aluminum oxide between the tool and the chip, which can transfer heat from the tool to the workpiece or chip. Compared to high-speed steel tools, hard alloy tools typically have higher cutting speeds, making them the preferred aluminum tool coating for hard alloy tools. Hard alloy drills and end mills typically use this coating.
5. Adhesion resistance
The adhesive resistance of aluminum tool coatings can prevent or reduce chemical reactions between the tool and the processed material, avoiding the deposition of workpiece materials on the tool. When processing non ferrous metals (such as aluminum, brass, etc.), chip buildup (BUE) often occurs on the cutting tool, resulting in tool breakage or oversize of the workpiece. Once the processed material begins to adhere to the tool, the adhesion will continue to expand.
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